The Georgian authorities are carrying out a large-scale reform of migration legislation, which provides for tighter control over the legality of foreigners’ residence, the creation of a database of violators and the introduction of mandatory work permits from 1 March 2026.
Since 1 October 2025, the relevant ministry has been keeping a special register of foreigners who are or have previously been in the country illegally. State authorities have been given the right to request extended biometric data (including fingerprints and palm prints) and to carry out checks in private premises – residential buildings and workplaces – if there is a suspicion of a violation of the residence regime.
Complaints about the refusal to issue a residence permit or a decision on deportation will not automatically suspend the execution of such decisions. The new monitoring procedures apply to the main categories of residence permits – for work, business, study and property ownership.
A separate type of residence permit is being introduced for IT specialists: applicants must have at least two years of documented relevant experience and an annual income of at least $25,000. Such residence permits are issued for three years with the possibility of extension up to 12 years.
From 1 March 2026, foreigners will generally require a valid work permit to work in the country. Experts recommend that foreign citizens and employers prepare a package of documents in advance – employment contracts, proof of income, certificates of no criminal record – and strictly comply with the conditions of already issued residence permits, as violations can lead to additional checks, fines, deportation and refusals to extend status.
According to data from the National Statistics Office of Georgia (Geostat), in 2024, foreigners made up about 6.6% of the country’s population, or about 250,000 people, while in 2014 there were only about 22,000 (0.6% of the population). Research by ISET-PI and other think tanks shows that in 2015–2024, the largest net immigration inflows came from citizens of Russia (about 97,000 people), Ukraine (about 27,000) and Azerbaijan (about 14,000), with significant groups also coming from Turkey, India and Belarus.
Analysts note that further tightening of the migration regime could lead to a partial outflow of relocants and their families to other jurisdictions with more predictable rules – primarily to EU countries with active programmes for IT and start-ups (Portugal, Spain, Germany, the Czech Republic), as well as to destinations already popular with people from Russia, Ukraine and Belarus: Serbia, Montenegro, Armenia, Kazakhstan and the UAE. According to consultants, the key factors when choosing a country for relocation are the transparency of residence permit and work permit procedures, the availability of housing and political stability.
