According to Serbian Economist, Serbian President Aleksandar Vučić confirmed that the NIS oil refinery in Pančevo has been switched to reduced circulation mode due to oil shortages caused by US sanctions and uncertainty surrounding the OFAC license.
Vucic said: “The plant has not been shut down yet, but has been put into circulation mode. This is a lower operating mode compared to normal.”
According to Vucic, without the extension of the OFAC special license allowing NIS to operate, the refinery will be completely shut down in about four days.
He also said that he had offered the government another 50 days to find a buyer for NIS, rather than nationalizing it.
According to NIS, the process is being carried out in accordance with Serbian law, internal regulations, and “strict environmental and safety standards.”
The plant will be maintained in a state ready to start up as soon as access to oil becomes available.
At the same time, NIS emphasizes that
fuel supplies to the domestic market in Serbia are currently running smoothly thanks to pre-formed reserves.
The company hopes for a speedy return to normal operations at the refinery, which is “important not only for Serbia but also for regional markets.”
It is noted separately that the shutdown of the refinery will also affect HIP Petrohemija, which will also begin preparations to halt production.
In early 2025, NIS, a subsidiary of Gazprom Neft, was added to the US SDN list. OFAC issued a special license until February 13, 2026, allowing shareholders to negotiate a change in ownership structure.
Last week, NIS submitted a new request to OFAC for a special license to ensure normal operations during the negotiation period.
Energy Minister Dubravka Jedovic-Handanovic said that the Russian owners had agreed to sell 56.15% of NIS to a third party, but the name of the potential buyer has not been disclosed – “negotiations are underway between serious companies.”
NIS is the only company in Serbia engaged in oil and gas exploration and production. It owns a large oil refinery in Pančevo, dominates the country’s petroleum products market, and has a network of more than 400 gas stations in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, and Romania.
Since 2009, according to the company, more than €900 million has been invested in the modernization of the Pančevo refinery.
If the OFAC license is not renewed and oil supplies are not resumed, Serbia may be left without its own refining capacity and become more dependent on imports of finished petroleum products. Not only energy security but also the industrial chain (NIS + HIP Petrohemija) will be under threat.
A successful deal to withdraw Russian capital and bring in a third investor could preserve the refinery as a regional processing center and reduce the risk of sanctions.
For Serbian Economist, this is a key case for the coming weeks: the OFAC decision and the parties’ willingness to close the NIS deal will determine the state of the Balkan oil market as early as 2026.
