According to the decree of President Donald Trump, the United States imposes additional duties on goods from a number of countries. The size of the tariffs varies depending on trade relations with Washington. The biggest restrictions are imposed on Cambodia, Vietnam, and Sri Lanka.
Countries with the highest duties
Cambodia – 49%
Vietnam – 46%; and
Sri Lanka – 44%
Thailand – 36%
China – 34% of the total
Bangladesh – 34%
Taiwan – 32%
Indonesia – 32%
Switzerland – 31%
South Africa – 30%
Pakistan – 29% – 29
Japan – 24% – 24
Malaysia – 24%
South Korea – 25%
European Union – 20%
Israel – 17%
Philippines – 17%
United Kingdom – 10%
Brazil – 10%
Singapore – 10%
Chile – 10% (basic rate)
Ukraine – 10% (basic tariff without additional restrictions)
The duties will come into force on April 9, 2025. In addition, the 10% basic tariff will be applied to all goods, which increases the overall rate for countries with already established duties. For example, Chinese goods will be subject to 44% (34% + 10%), and goods from the EU – 30% (20% + 10%).
Canada and Mexico are not yet subject to reciprocal tariffs.
Reasons for the introduction of duties
President Trump called these measures “mirror sanctions”, emphasizing that they are intended to compensate for unfair trade practices of other countries. According to him, the United States cannot afford to be an “economic target” and must protect its producers.
According to Bloomberg, the measures will affect the $33 trillion global market. Countries from China to Brazil are under attack, and the volume of their exports to the United States may decrease by 4% to 90%. Average tariffs may increase by 15%, which will trigger inflation in the US and increase the risk of recession.
In addition, the Trump administration continues to tighten trade measures previously introduced since 2017. In particular:
An additional 20% tax on all imports from China has been introduced.
A global 25% tariff on steel and aluminum is in effect.
A 25% duty on imports of automobiles and spare parts (effective April 3, 2025).
Expected consequences
Experts predict that under the maximum scenario, average tariffs in the US will increase to 2%, which could lead to a 4% reduction in GDP and a 2.5% increase in prices in the next two to three years.
China, the EU, and India will suffer the greatest losses, although their economies are likely to withstand the blow. Southeast Asian countries, Canada, and Mexico will experience a significant negative impact on their trade with the United States.
