In Latvia, the so-called “golden visa” program has once again found itself at the center of a scandal after the country’s Financial Intelligence Unit identified more than 20 companies that, according to its assessment, were used for fictitious investments with the aim of obtaining residence permits. This was reported by the Latvian public media outlet LSM, citing the investigative program De Facto.
According to the investigation, approximately 200 foreigners invested more than 10 million euros in the authorized capital of such companies. At the same time, it is noted that the funds were often not used for actual economic activity but were redirected to the scheme’s organizers or circulated among related parties, providing no tangible benefit to Latvia’s economy but formally justifying applications for residence permits.
The program provides for the possibility of obtaining a temporary residence permit in Latvia upon investing 50,000 or 100,000 euros in a company’s capital. In 2025, this procedure brought the country nearly 6 million euros, and a total of 341 people received residence permits through it, including investors and their family members. At the same time, as LSM emphasizes, the state does not systematically assess how significant the actual contribution of these companies is—in terms of turnover, number of employees, or actual activities.
Interest in the program has grown in recent years. According to the Latvian Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs, 109 applications were submitted last year—more than five times as many as in 2021, when there were 20. However, only about one-third of the applications received a positive decision, as applicants undergo security and reliability checks.
The investigation also cites the example of L Hotels, a company established about a year and a half ago. Nine of its investors applied for residence permits last year, and the company’s list of shareholders includes 30 people from India, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Turkey, Chile, Malawi, Syria, Vanuatu, and other countries. Most of them invested 100,000 euros each but received Class B shares, which, according to the articles of association, do not carry voting rights.
Toms Platacis, head of the Financial Intelligence Unit, stated that in some cases, the 50,000 euros required by law were in fact the same funds, recycled multiple times in a loop. LSM emphasizes that the story has once again intensified criticism of the program, which was originally intended to stimulate investment and attract wealthy foreigners but has been plagued by allegations of abuse from the very beginning.
