In January-November 2025, Ukraine increased imports of coal and anthracite (UKTZED code 2701) by 2.4 times (by 2 million 415.314 thousand tons) compared to the same period last year, to 4 million 134.636 thousand tons.
According to the State Customs Service of Ukraine, coal imports amounted to $929.485 million in the first eleven months of this year, which is 2.4 times ($546.653 million) more than in January-November 2024.
Coal imports from the US amounted to $374.498 million (40.29%), Australia – $281.793 million (30.32%), Poland – $90.872 million (9.78%), and other countries – $182.322 million (19.62%).
As reported, Ukraine increased coal imports by 2.7 times (by 1 million 145,951 thousand tons) in 2024 compared to 2023, to 1 million 812,592 thousand tons. In monetary terms, it imported $402.219 million worth of coal, which is 2.2 times more than the previous year ($185.378 million).
In January-November of this year, Ukraine increased ferroalloy exports in physical terms by 26.1% compared to the same period last year, to 91,380 thousand tons.
According to statistics released by the State Customs Service (SCS) on Friday, in monetary terms, ferroalloy exports increased by 22.2% to $102.586 million.
The main exports were to Poland (27.31% of shipments in monetary terms), Algeria (22.08%), and Turkey (22.22%).
In addition, Ukraine imported 33,370 thousand tons of this product in the first 11 months of 2025, a decrease of 57.9% compared to the same period in 2024. In monetary terms, imports fell by 51.4% to $65.560 million. Imports were mainly from Norway (18.15%), Kazakhstan (15.18%), and China (11.10%).
As reported, the Pokrovsky Mining and Processing Plant (PGZK, formerly Ordzhonikidze Mining and Processing Plant) and the Marganetsky Mining and Processing Plant (MGZK, both in Dnipropetrovsk region), which are part of the Privat Group, stopped mining and processing raw manganese ore in late October-early November 2023, while NZF and ZZF stopped smelting ferroalloys. In the summer of 2024, ferroalloy plants resumed production.
PGZK and MGZK did not produce any products in 2024, while in 2023, PGZK produced 160.31 thousand tons of manganese concentrate, and MGZK was idle.
In 2024, Ukraine reduced its exports of ferroalloys in physical terms by 4.45 times compared to 2023, to 77,316 thousand tons from 344,173 thousand tons. and in monetary terms, it decreased by 3.4 times, to $88.631 million from $297.595 million. At the same time, the main exports were to Poland (27.40% of supplies in monetary terms), Turkey (21.53%), and Italy (19.82%).
In addition, Ukraine imported 82,259 tons of this product last year, compared to 14,203 tons in 2023 (a 5.8-fold increase). In monetary terms, imports increased 3.3 times, from $42.927 million to $140.752 million. Imports were mainly from Poland (32.71%), Norway (19.55%), and Kazakhstan (13.9%).
The business of ZZF, NZF, Stakhanov ZF (located at NKT), Pokrovsky and Marganetsky GZK was organized by PrivatBank prior to the nationalization of the financial institution. The Nikopol Ferroalloy Plant is controlled by the EastOne group, created in the fall of 2007 as a result of the restructuring of the Interpipe group, as well as the Privat group.
Fintonik LLC (Kyiv) won the auction held by the state-owned Oschadbank on December 10 for the sale of a pool of loans to the Ukrlandfarming group of companies (Ukrlandfarming, ULF), offering the minimum possible price of UAH 1.13871 billion at a starting price of UAH 5.03852 billion.
According to data from the Prozorro.Prozori system, Fintonik, 80% of which is owned by Andriy Shpylka from Kryvyi Rih and 20% by former SCM director of new business development Mykola Nesterenko, was the only participant in the auction.
According to the protocol, the remuneration of the electronic platform SKOMPANI LLC, through which the application was submitted, amounted to UAH 17.08 million and will be paid from the UAH 75.58 million guarantee deposit.
Earlier, Oschadbank noted that this stage of the sale, at which the minimum price was reduced by 44%, was the final one, because after a series of previous auctions with a gradual reduction, the possibility of further price adjustments had been exhausted.
The auction included claims under loan agreements and related collateral agreements of borrowers — the ULF group of companies (PJSC Raise-Maksymko, PJSC Agroholding Avangard, Imperovo Foods LLC) and Pakko Holding LLC.
“The current auction is the last chance for potential investors to purchase a pool of secured loans, which includes production assets throughout Ukraine: elevators, poultry farms, an egg processing plant, etc., as well as guarantees from individuals and legal entities,” Oschadbank emphasized. It noted that if the auction is unsuccessful, it will proceed with the active implementation of a liquidation scenario to collect the debt.
In early December this year, the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine (AMCU) fined TNA Corporate Solutions LLC (USA) and American citizen Nicholas Piazza (Nicholas Piazza) for violating the law when concentrating shares in the authorized capital of 14 enterprises of the Ukrlandfarming group, which was one of the largest agricultural holdings in Eurasia.
The agricultural holding claims that it remains one of the largest in Ukraine despite $1.2 billion in losses due to Russia’s military aggression. A significant portion of ULF’s financial obligations have been in default since 2017. In November 2017, a group of international creditors of Ukrlandfarming and Avangard estimated the total amount of ULF’s debt obligations at approximately $1.65 billion in a letter to the Ukrainian government: about $1.25 billion in debt obligations to international creditors and about $400 million to Ukrainian banks (including state-owned banks). In turn, according to their data, the debt to international creditors at that time consisted of approximately $775 million in Eurobonds and $475 million in credit debt to European and American banks (and their respective credit risk insurers).
In October last year, Ukrlandfarming announced that the lawsuits filed by Gramercy Funds Management LLC and its affiliates against Bakhmatyuk, Piazzi, Oleksandr Yaremenko, SP Capital Management LLC, TNA Corporate Solutions LLC, and/or Maltofex Ltd had been voluntarily withdrawn with a final waiver of claims, and the parties had entered into a confidential settlement agreement in connection therewith.
“Now that the litigation against Mr. Bakhmatyuk has been concluded, the company can more freely negotiate with creditors and focus on growing and rebuilding its business after losing approximately half of its value due to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine,” the release said at the time.
According to the NBU, as of early September this year, Oschadbank, with total assets of UAH 479.1 billion (12.3% of the total), ranked second among 60 banks in terms of this indicator.
The week of December 8–14 was marked by a cautious recovery for the crypto market after a sharp decline in November. Bitcoin stabilized in the $89,000–92,000 range, partially recovering from last month’s drop from above $120,000, but it is still far from new highs.
According to several market reports, Bitcoin fell to the $83,800–88,000 range at the beginning of the week, then rebounded to ~$94,000, and stabilized just below $90,000 by the weekend. On December 8, Binance recorded BTC at around $91,900 (+3.1% per day) with a daily range of $87,700–92,300. On December 14, according to Binance and Coindesk, Bitcoin traded near $88,800–89,200, losing about 1.5–2% per day. On a weekly basis, the total growth is estimated at approximately +6.5%, but this is still below the levels seen in early November.
Implied volatility for BTC narrowed slightly after a spike earlier in the week, but Friday’s decline pushed it back up again. Analysts note that the market is caught between expectations of further easing of US Fed policy and fresh memories of the November “dump,” so real volumes and risk appetite are significantly lower than in the first half of the year.
Ethereum followed in Bitcoin’s wake: at the end of the week, ETH settled at around $3,100, showing an increase of about +3% over 7 days.
At the institutional demand level, the picture is more complicated. After a record outflow in November (when Bitcoin ETFs in the US lost about $3.5-4 billion), the situation began to unfold in December: aggregate ETFs on BTC and ETH showed a net inflow of about $341 million, although a confident recovery is still far off. At the same time, some spot ETFs on Ethereum still recorded a net outflow this week (about $42.4 million on December 11), indicating a redistribution of positions and investor caution towards second-tier altcoins.
The overall ETF market in the US is growing at a record pace (AUM of all ETFs reached $13.22 trillion), but the share of cryptocurrencies in this pie remains niche and highly volatile.
According to trading platforms, most of the major altcoins traded worse than Bitcoin during the week: BTC’s dominance increased slightly, while many tokens continued their slow slide after their autumn highs.
A telling example is Solana. The average price of SOL in December fell to around $133, while in October it was around $187, and in September it was above $200. In other words, since early autumn, Solana has lost about a third of its value at closing, despite the ecosystem’s still high activity.
In the short term, individual tokens continue to show double-digit returns: in daily dynamics on Binance, the leaders of the week were ACA, GLMR, and VOXEL (growth of +38%, +18%, and +16%, respectively), while new “meme stories” such as PENGU or FARTCOIN appear in exchange digests and trader chats.
But the overall background for alts remains difficult: volumes are declining, liquidity is fragmented, and any news about Bitcoin instantly overtakes local trends.
In terms of news, the week was marked by two important signals for the industry:
1) An investigation by The New York Times and The Daily Beast showed that under the current US administration, law enforcement practices against a number of large crypto companies have softened dramatically: the SEC closed or weakened several cases against platforms associated with Donald Trump’s circle, and the founder of Binance received a presidential pardon. This has reduced regulatory pressure, but at the same time raised questions about the level of investor protection.
2) In the Persian Gulf, the industry’s biggest players are actively seeking “financial salvation”: top managers of crypto companies and Bitcoin ideologues held a series of events in Abu Dhabi, trying to attract capital from UAE sovereign wealth funds and secure the emirates’ status as a new hub for digital assets.
These processes are intensifying the geographical shift of the industry: part of the liquidity and infrastructure is moving from traditional centers to new jurisdictions with more lenient rules.
It is highly likely that the market will end 2025 in a state of heightened volatility and “nervous stabilization”: range movements around current levels, sharp spikes on news about rates and regulation, and the absence of a single driver that could quickly return Bitcoin to its autumn highs.
The average cost of housing in Portugal reached historic highs in 2025 amid sustained demand and limited supply, and analysts expect prices to continue to rise in 2026 despite tight affordability conditions.
According to data from the Portuguese Statistical Office (INE), in October 2025, the median bank valuation of residential real estate exceeded the threshold of €2,000 per square meter for the first time, reaching approximately €2,025 per square meter, which is 17.7% more than a year earlier. This marks more than a year of double-digit annual growth in housing prices.
The apartment segment is rising in price faster than villas: according to Global Property Guide estimates, the median bank valuation of apartments reached €2,345 per square meter (+22.1% year-on-year), while villas reached €1,472 per square meter (+11.8%). The highest prices are recorded in the Greater Lisbon agglomeration and in the Algarve tourist region.
According to the Idealista portal, by November 2025, the median asking price for residential real estate across the country reached around €3,000 per square meter (+7.8% year-on-year). At the same time:
Lisbon remains the most expensive market, with an average price of €5,914 per square meter (+4% over the year).
In Porto, the average price is around €3,908 per square meter (+5.9% over the year).
Inland regions (the center, part of Alentejo) are significantly cheaper – in many municipalities, prices range from €1,400 to €1,700 per square meter, while the most affordable districts in the country, according to local research, offer housing from €800 to €900 per square meter.
At the end of 2024, the INE housing price index (HPI) rose by 9.1%, with existing housing rising by 9.7% and new housing by 7.5%. In real terms (adjusted for inflation), prices have been rising continuously since 2013 and have increased by more than 80% during this period, which is significantly higher than the dynamics in neighboring Spain.
The market remains extremely active. In the first half of 2025, 84,247 residential properties were sold in Portugal, 20% more than in the same period in 2024. Sales of secondary housing amounted to 67,578 properties (+20.6% year-on-year), and new housing – 16,669 (+17.7%).
95% of transactions were made by buyers with tax residency in Portugal (about 80,000 properties, +21.9% year-on-year). Foreigners (both from the EU and third countries) purchased 4,205 properties, which is 7.2% less than a year earlier. Experts attribute the decline in the share of foreigners to reforms: the abolition of “golden visas” for real estate investments and the termination of the Non-Habitual Resident preferential tax regime from 2024, which reduced fiscal incentives for foreign investors.
At the same time, 2024 saw a record volume of transactions: in the third quarter of 2024 alone, €9.05 billion worth of housing was sold (+28% year-on-year), with 93.5% of buyers being Portuguese residents and the share of foreigners at around 6.5%.
Supply remains a bottleneck in the market. In the first half of 2025, 13,244 new homes were completed in the country, only 4.9% more than a year earlier and significantly below the rate of increase in the number of transactions. At the same time, the number of building permits issued is growing rapidly: in the first six months of 2025, 21,057 new housing units were licensed (+28.8% year-on-year), reflecting the growing confidence of developers and the expected acceleration in the introduction of new housing in the coming years.
According to BPI Research estimates, the growth in housing prices in Portugal is likely to continue in 2026. This is indicated by a stable labor market, record employment, and real wage growth, which support household purchasing power, as well as the stabilization of interest rates in the eurozone at “neutral” levels after a period of sharp tightening. Analysts expect that, given the current set of factors, prices in 2026 will grow at a rate above the European average, although probably slower than the double-digit figures of 2024-2025 (we are talking about high single-digit percentage growth, provided there are no new shocks in the eurozone). This will sustain investor interest but keep pressure on housing affordability for the local population, especially in large cities and on the coast.
The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) has raised its forecast for global corn exports in the 2025-2026 marketing year by 1.63 million tons to 205.10 million tons, despite the expected reduction in Ukrainian supplies.
According to the December report, with global exports growing, the estimate of global corn carryover stocks, on the contrary, has been reduced by 2.19 million tons to 279.15 million tons, reflecting more active use of grain and the maintenance of a fairly tight supply and demand balance.
For Ukraine, the USDA has lowered its corn harvest forecast from 32 million tons to 29 million tons due to a reduction in acreage and yields, as well as difficult weather conditions during harvesting. The export forecast has been lowered from 24.5 million tons to 23 million tons, domestic consumption from 7 million tons to 6 million tons, and carryover stocks from 1.55 million tons to 0.85 million tons. This means that additional growth in global corn exports will be provided by other major market players.
