Issue No. 2 – April 2025
The purpose of this review is to provide an analysis of the current situation on the Ukrainian currency market and a forecast of the hryvnia exchange rate against key currencies based on the latest data. We look at current conditions, market dynamics, key influencing factors, and likely scenarios.
Analysis of the current situation
At the end of April, Ukraine’s currency market showed that the main trends observed in the first half of the month remained unchanged: relative stability in the US dollar segment and continued strengthening of the euro against the hryvnia.
The key differences in April’s dynamics were a shift in the balance of supply and demand in favor of the hryvnia, a decrease in average daily demand for currency from the population, and smoother market behavior against a backdrop of moderate inflation and continued external support.
Key drivers:
Ø The dollar exchange rate remains stable with a moderate tendency to appreciate in favor of the hryvnia amid excess cash supply and global weakening of the dollar.
Ø The euro continues to appreciate under the influence of global processes, trade conflicts, and attempts by the new US administration to exert direct verbal pressure on the Fed, while demand for the euro continues to grow in Ukraine.
Ø The overall state of the currency market is characterized by high liquidity and low volatility in the dollar segment, while the euro segment is showing nervous growth with clear signs of speculative activity.
Domestic factors
Ø The National Bank of Ukraine maintains a policy of soft flexibility, keeping the discount rate unchanged and controlling the official exchange rate. The spread between the official and market exchange rates of the dollar remains minimal, while in the euro segment it is widening.
Ø Household activity in the cash market has been declining for the third month in a row: average daily demand fell from $41 million in February to $17 million in April. This indicates a decline in panic sentiment, market saturation, and/or the exhaustion of household purchasing power amid weak economic growth. Another factor could be the spring holiday cycle, which is a traditional period for selling foreign currency savings to celebrate and finance short-term vacations.
Ø At the same time, structural tensions remain, with imports exceeding exports by a factor of two, which remains a factor in the “washout” of foreign currency liquidity from the country. However, at the current stage, this can be fully offset by international assistance, which is expected to cover Ukraine’s foreign currency needs.
Ø The National Bank claims to have stable control over inflation expectations. Although March inflation peaks at around 15-16% annually, it is expected to decline to 8.7% year-on-year in the summer months, which, combined with the summer slowdown in business activity, will help reduce the population’s focus on currency. As a result, this may reduce the speculative motivation of currency market operators.
External factors
Ø At the global level, the main source of turbulence remains the trade wars initiated by the Trump administration, which have increased the risks of deglobalization and a weakening of the dollar due to its declining role as a reserve and settlement asset.
Ø This uncertainty is pushing global investors to invest or hedge through safe-haven assets such as gold, the Swiss franc, the Japanese yen, and the euro, which is currently capable of acting as a stabilizer.
Ø Additional pressure on the dollar came from Donald Trump’s open demand that the US Federal Reserve immediately lower its key interest rate, which created the risk of reducing the Fed’s independence and triggered a decline in bond yields and a fall in the US currency to its lowest level in six months.
General conclusions:
Ø The hryvnia remains stable despite external pressure and internal imbalances. Thanks to regular financing of the budget deficit and financial assistance from foreign partners, the market remains balanced.
Ø The dollar will remain in a narrow range, while the euro will continue to grow, maintaining high volatility.
Ø The cash currency market is in a phase of saturation, and the decline in demand for currency gives grounds to speak of relative market predictability.
Ø Speculative risks in the EUR/UAH pair are increasing — businesses should take into account possible short-term declines or impulsive jumps when planning operations.
Overview of dynamics and forecast of exchange rates
US dollar exchange rate
The dollar exchange rate against the hryvnia remains within a stable narrow corridor — from 41.10 to 41.80 UAH/USD with minimal volatility. In April, the market showed synchronization between the market and official exchange rates, which reduces risks for businesses and consumers. Revaluation pressure is intensifying amid declining demand from the population and increased supply of dollars.
During the second half of April, the dollar exchange rate remained stable, without sharp fluctuations. The lowest values were observed within the range of 41.10–41.35 UAH/USD for purchases, while sales remained within the range of 41.57–41.85 UAH/USD throughout the entire period.
Our short-term forecast for the dollar exchange rate, provided in the previous review, was fully confirmed within standard market deviations. The exchange rate dynamics in the dollar segment indicate high current predictability of the domestic market.
A distinctive feature of the period was the gradual smoothing and narrowing of the spread between buying and selling rates, indicating an increase in currency liquidity and a reduction in tension in the cash market. Other notable features of the second half of April included the movement of market exchange rates in line with the official NBU rate and with an almost equal spread between buying and selling rates. This indicates the effectiveness of the National Bank’s policy of smoothing out situational fluctuations, which reduces volatility and contributes to the formation of stable expectations among market participants.
Global factors also support the stability of the dollar in Ukraine — despite the weakening of the dollar on world markets, these processes are not being transmitted to domestic risks thanks to currency reserves and the flexibility of the NBU’s policy. Global processes have not created new pressure on the hryvnia, but in the medium term they may become a driver of capital outflows from Ukrainians and businesses from the dollar.
Forecast for the near term:
Euro
In the second half of April, the euro continued to rise against the hryvnia, confirming the previously observed upward trend. As we predicted in our previous review, market quotes confidently crossed the 47 UAH/EUR mark, and by the end of April, the average cash euro exchange rate consolidated at 48.00 UAH/EUR, This allowed domestic Ukrainian investors in euros to receive an exchange rate premium of 1.6 to 2.4 UAH per euro from the beginning of the month to the end of April.
Particular attention should be paid to the change in the spread between buying and selling rates. While at the beginning of the month the spread remained within 60–70 kopecks, by the end of April it exceeded 1 UAH for a number of cash currency market operators and reached 1.3–1.5 UAH for some operators. This is a sign of growing market nervousness and heightened expectations of further volatility. Market operators are trying to factor into prices the risks of a possible further strengthening of the euro or a correction amid speculative activity.
Another important signal is the significant difference between market rates and the official NBU rate. The euro exchange rate set by the regulator lags behind market values by an average of 30–50 kopecks, which is an indicator that the market is responding more quickly and flexibly to global currency trends, in particular the strengthening of the euro against the US dollar. The official dynamics are moving by inertia, while currency market operators are already factoring expectations of further changes into their quotes.
This lead indicates a growth in the premium for holding euros, which are increasingly being used not only as a means of payment but also as a savings instrument and, in some cases, as an attempt to profit from global turbulence.
Forecast:
Recommendations for businesses and investors
The dynamic situation on the markets prompts us to maintain our approach of dividing our recommendations into two separate blocks:
Ø basic recommendations — will help you avoid currency risks or minimize losses;
Ø updated recommendations — will help you navigate the revision of your investment and savings strategies.
Basic recommendations that remain relevant
Diversification of the currency portfolio is a basic strategy.
The euro is showing volatility and growth potential, while the dollar is weak against the backdrop of global events. It is recommended to keep part of your assets in euros, especially if you have corresponding liabilities. The dollar is a short-term liquidity and hedging tool.
Maximum liquidity is an unconditional priority.
All your currencies should be easily accessible for quick maneuvering — this is key given the global turbulence and political risks.
Keep the hryvnia in functional amounts.
The hryvnia remains stable, but the inflationary background and potential exchange rate risks in Q2–Q3 2025 do not allow for large hryvnia surpluses. If possible, avoid tying hryvnia liquidity in instruments with fixed terms or without the possibility of revising the yield.
Updated and supplemented recommendations
Change in currency share in the portfolio: smooth migration from the dollar to the euro
It is advisable to gradually rebalance the portfolio towards the euro. It is increasingly used in settlements and potentially offers a better exchange rate premium. However, turbulence in international currency markets requires constant monitoring of significant news and events, while not succumbing to the influence of sensational headlines and herd behavior. Only investors with nerves of steel, a cool head, and a clear strategy will emerge from the currency storm with profits or minimal losses.
Have a margin of safety and hedge your risks
Build buffers for forward exchange rate fluctuations: despite the upward trend of the euro and the downward trend of the dollar in the short term, there are “dips” and “bumps” in this pair and in relation to the hryvnia, which can cause losses or unexpected expenses.
Pay close attention to spreads — they are an indicator of market sentiment and a trend forecast
A widening spread on the euro is a signal that the market is nervous and expecting changes. At such times, it is better to avoid speculation and not make decisions under the influence of emotions. For experienced currency speculators, this is an excellent field and a good time for productive maneuvering, but for everyone else, there are risks of losses. The same applies to the dollar — reduce your focus on exchange rates and analyze spreads.
Scenario planning and regular reassessment
The market will continue to be turbulent for an indefinite period of time. Have alternative scenarios for currency behavior, especially for Q3–Q4, when a new devaluation cycle is most likely to begin.
This material has been prepared by the company’s analysts and reflects their expert, analytical, and professional judgment. The information presented in this review is for informational purposes only and should not be construed as a recommendation for action.
The company and its analysts make no representations and assume no responsibility for any consequences arising from the use of this information. All information is provided “as is,” without any additional guarantees of completeness, timeliness, or updates or additions.
Users of this material should independently assess the risks and make informed decisions based on their own assessment and analysis of the situation from various available sources that they themselves consider sufficiently qualified. Before making any investment decisions, we recommend consulting with an independent financial advisor.
REFERENCE
KYT Group is an international multi-service FinTech company that has been successfully operating in the non-bank financial services market for 16 years. One of the company’s flagship activities is currency exchange. KYT Group is one of the largest operators in this segment of the Ukrainian financial market, is included in the list of the largest taxpayers, and is one of the industry leaders in terms of asset growth and equity capital.
More than 90 branches in 16 major cities of Ukraine are located in convenient locations for customers and are equipped with modern equipment for the convenience, security, and confidentiality of each transaction.
The company’s activities comply with the regulatory requirements of the NBU. KYT Group adheres to EU standards of operation, with branches in Poland and plans for cross-border expansion into European countries.
The National Bank reduced the sale of foreign currency on the interbank market last week by $221.77 million, or 41.4% – to $314.4 million, according to the regulator’s statistics on its website.
According to it, the National Bank even bought $10 million on the market last week, the last time it was in early March, while in general, since the beginning of the year, the purchase amounted to $33.5 million against $10.24 billion of sales.
Thus, net foreign exchange interventions of the NBU over the past week fell by 43.2% to $304.4m.
The data, which the regulator has managed to make public during this time, indicate a change in the situation on the cash market of currency: for the first time since the beginning of the year, the sale of currency exceeded the purchase. From $19.7 million on Monday, the net balance of sales decreased to $8.3 million on Tuesday, $1.2 million on Wednesday and $3.0 million on Thursday.
The official hryvnia/$1 exchange rate was volatile last week: from 41.3879 UAH/$1 on Monday, it strengthened to 41.1753 UAH/$1 on Wednesday before weakening again to 41.3955 UAH/$1 at the end of the week.
On the cash market, the hryvnia depreciated by 10-14 kopecks over the week as the margin widened: the buying rate went to UAH 40.95/$1, while the selling rate went to UAH 41.10/$1.
As analysts of KYT Group note, in early April the currency market of Ukraine continued to demonstrate relative stability in the dollar segment and noticeable strengthening of the euro: the dollar rate is declining under the influence of external weakness of the U.S. dollar, while the euro rate is growing both due to the global trend and structural demand for the Euro currency in Ukraine.
“In general, the Ukrainian currency market is characterized by growing liquidity, narrowing spreads and decreasing volatility against the dollar, which is evidence of the formation of relative predictability of further exchange rate trajectories,” KYT Group believes.
They noted that in the domestic market, the rates of purchase and sale have come close to the official rate of the NBU: market rates of both purchase and sale of the dollar began to move almost synchronously with the official, without significant deviations and equidistant from the official – +\- 25 kopecks, which reduces market volatility.
“In the short term (2-4 weeks), the dollar exchange rate is likely to move smoothly in the range of 41.10-41.80 UAH/$ with possible adjustments within 20-30 kopecks, associated with situational demand”, – predicted in KYT Group.
In their opinion, the medium-term perspective (2-4 months) provides for the possibility of returning to the range of 41.80-42.50 UAH/$ in case of inflation growth, import activity or pressure on the budget.
Issue #2 – March 2025
The purpose of this review is to provide an analysis of the current situation on the Ukrainian currency market and a forecast of the hryvnia exchange rate against key currencies based on the latest data. We analyze current conditions, market dynamics, key influencing factors, and likely scenarios.
Analysis of the current situation on the Ukrainian currency market
In the second half of March, Ukraine’s FX market remained relatively stable, showing predictable local fluctuations in the dollar and a more pronounced, albeit predictable, strengthening of the euro. Both developments were primarily driven by external factors, as the domestic FX market remained balanced due to high cash liquidity and active actions by the NBU.
The NBU’s informal signal to banks to raise deposit rates after the key policy rate hike is a classic soft pressure from the NBU, which is trying to keep hryvnia instruments attractive. One by one, banks raised hryvnia rates, confirming that they understood the NBU’s signals, which should potentially reduce demand for foreign currency from the population and encourage at least short- and medium-term savings in hryvnia, easing pressure on the exchange rate.
International factors affecting the market:
Ø The US Federal Reserve has been pursuing a consistent policy of lowering its key policy rate for several months now, clearly implementing a cycle of easing. This reduces the attractiveness of the dollar as an asset for investors and stimulates the flow of capital into alternative currencies and assets.
Ø In contrast, the European Central Bank gave positive signals about the improvement of the economic situation in the eurozone, which pushed the euro to a significant increase.
Ø The global market witnessed a moderate weakening of the US dollar and a strengthening of the euro, which became the main driver of changes in the exchange rates of key currencies in Ukraine.
Internal factors that influenced the foreign exchange market:
Ø Increased supply of cash foreign currency: according to the NBU, in February 2025, banks imported more than $1.08 billion in cash foreign currency to Ukraine, of which $749 million was in US dollars and $330 million in euros. This is a decrease compared to January ($1.77 billion), but remains high historically, ensuring high foreign exchange liquidity and exchange rate stability.
Ø In the dynamics of currency imports by banks, there is a well-established trend of increasing the share of euros in the total volume. From 13% at the beginning of 2024, the share of euros increased to more than 30% in 2025, reflecting the growing demand for euros among households and businesses.
Ø Deviations of cash exchange rates from the official exchange rate remain insignificant, which indicates that the regulator’s currency policy is effectively coordinated with market realities.
Overview of exchange rate dynamics
US dollar exchange rate
Ø In the second half of March, the dollar exchange rate against the hryvnia remained in the range of UAH 41.30-41.80 per dollar.
Ø The lowest value was recorded around March 13, after which the exchange rate gradually recovered.
Ø The spread between the bid and ask rates narrowed to 30-40 kopiykas compared to 50-60 kopiykas in February, indicating high liquidity and stability of the market.
Ø The deviation of market rates from the official NBU exchange rate remained minimal (± UAH 0.3), which is an indicator of the stability of expectations and the NBU’s predictable policy on the foreign exchange market.
Euro exchange rate
USD exchange rate forecast
Ø In the short term (2-4 weeks), the dollar is likely to remain in the range of UAH 41.25-42.00/$. The main factors will be maintaining high cash liquidity, the US Federal Reserve’s restrained policy, and the NBU’s active presence on the interbank market. Narrowing spreads and stable deviations from the official exchange rate give reason to expect low volatility in this market segment.
Ø In the medium term (2-4 months), demand for foreign currency may moderately increase amid higher budget spending, a pickup in business imports, and the seasonal effect of spring asset regrouping. In this case, the dollar could move up to the range of UAH 41.80-42.50/$.
Ø In the longer term (6+ months), a significant depreciation trend may resume with the potential for a shift toward UAH 45.00/$.
This scenario will be influenced by the general inflationary background in Ukraine, fiscal expectations for the exchange rate (budget target is 45 UAH/$), and risks with financing the state’s needs.
Ø However, the global monetary policy factor will remain restraining: if the US Federal Reserve moves to easing, the pressure on the hryvnia will be offset by global stability or even a weakening of the dollar.
Euro exchange rate forecast
In theshort term (2-4 weeks), the euro may consolidate in the range of 44.80-45.70 UAH/€ after the ultra-fast growth recorded in mid-March.
A correction phase or sideways movement is expected, which is typical for markets after a sharp move.
In the medium term (2-4 months), the euro’s dynamics will depend on the ECB’s decisions on interest rates and incentives, the state of the eurozone economy, and global demand for risky assets. In the baseline scenario, the exchange rate may remain in the range of 44.50-46.00 UAH/€. In the event of new positive signals from the EU, a retest of the 46.50 UAH/EUR level is possible.
In the long-term horizon (6+ months), the euro is more stable than the dollar due to structural market expectations, a gradual increase in its role in savings, and its growing role in foreign trade.
The forecast range is 45.00-46.50 UAH/€ with the potential for appreciation in case of sustained macro growth in the euro area.
Recommendations for businesses and investors
1. Diversification remains the basic strategy in a situation where the euro shows increased volatility and the dollar shows signs of structural weakening.
If you have liabilities in euros, it is advisable to gradually increase the share of this currency, but the dollar should be left as a short-term liquidity or hedge instrument.
2. Monthly review of the structure of foreign currency assets is relevant in the context of the NBU’s flexible currency policy, changes in external demand and potential exchange rate dynamics, especially if some assets are denominated in a currency other than the main operating currency.
3. Cautious currency speculation – only if you have the skills. Despite periods of short-term exchange rate volatility, especially in the euro, the current market is more predictable for experienced players, but carries significant risks for beginners.
Speculative strategies are justified only for those who have the resources and time to constantly monitor the market and have access to quick transactions at favorable rates.
4. The hryvnia should be maintained at its functional level. The current situation does not pose a threat of rapid devaluation, but it is not advisable to keep excess hryvnia liquidity. It should be used only to cover short-term expenses and to form reserves for unforeseen events.
5. For the first time in almost a year of currency market reviews, we can recommend considering short-term hryvnia deposits for 1-4 months, a logical tactic for “temporary parking” of free funds without currency risk in the context of banks raising interest rates to ~15% per annum, which are now at least slightly ahead of official inflation. For the same reasons, a short-term “parking” of free hryvnia in government bonds can be considered. Longer-term hryvnia investments are risky given the likely acceleration of inflation and a possible exchange rate shift in the second half of 2025, which is most likely to occur in the fall of this year. Yields on foreign currency deposits remain symbolic and do not cover the risks of liquidity ties.
6. Maximum liquidity is a top priority: in the face of geopolitical and economic turbulence, all foreign currency assets should be available for operational maneuver.
This material was prepared by the company’s analysts and reflects their expert, analytical professional judgment. The information presented in this review is for informational purposes only and cannot be considered as a recommendation for action.
The Company and its analysts make no representations and assume no liability for any consequences arising from the use of this information. All information is provided “as is” without any additional warranties of completeness, obligations of timeliness or updates or additions.
Users of this material should make their own risk assessments and make informed decisions based on their own assessment and analysis of the situation from various available sources that they consider to be sufficiently qualified. We recommend that you consult an independent financial advisor before making any investment decisions.
REFERENCE
KYT Group is an international multi-service product FinTech company that has been successfully operating in the non-banking financial services market for 16 years. One of the company’s flagship activities is currency exchange. KYT Group is one of the largest operators in this segment of the Ukrainian financial market, is among the largest taxpayers, and is one of the industry leaders in terms of asset growth and equity.
More than 90 branches in 16 major cities of Ukraine are located in convenient locations for customers and have modern equipment for the convenience, security and confidentiality of each transaction.
The company’s activities comply with the regulatory requirements of the NBU. KYT Group adheres to EU standards, having a branch in Poland and planning cross-border expansion to European countries.
The National Bank of Ukraine (NBU) increased sales of foreign currency on the interbank market last week by $98.4 million, or 18%, to $643.6 million, according to the regulator’s statistics on its website.
According to the statistics, the central bank has not bought any foreign currency over the past two weeks.
Last week, the National Bank bought the most foreign currency since the beginning of March, but it is still less than in February this year and roughly equal to the amount of foreign currency purchased in the same week in March last year.
Data released by the regulator during this time show that the negative balance between the volume of foreign currency purchases by households and the volume of foreign currency sales narrowed last week from $26.89 million on Monday to $20.24 on Thursday.
The official hryvnia exchange rate weakened by 2 kopecks to 41.5277 UAH/$1 over the week.
The same was the case on the cash market, with a narrow spread of 41.46-41.56 UAH/$1.
‘Since the beginning of March, the Ukrainian foreign exchange market has undergone significant changes in the dynamics of the dollar. While in February the dollar was gradually strengthening, in early March it began to decline, followed by a gradual recovery after 10 March,’ analysts of the currency exchange market operator KYT Group commented on the market situation in their March review.
According to them, the Ukrainian cash FX market was affected by a decline in demand for the dollar following a large-scale import of cash currency in February: according to the NBU, $1.316 billion in cash dollars and the equivalent of $450 million in euros were imported into Ukraine.
The NBU’s interventions help to smooth out exchange rate volatility and maintain a controlled situation on the market, but the increase in budget spending in March traditionally creates additional demand for foreign currency, which may affect the correction of the hryvnia exchange rate, KYT Group experts added. They expect that in the short term, over the next 1-3 weeks, the dollar is likely to remain in the range of UAH 41.30-42.30/$1.
As reported, the NBU’s net interventions in February fell to $3bn from $3.75bn in January.
In February 2025, Ukrainians’ purchases of foreign currency exceeded sales by $0.95bn, which is also down from $1.48bn in January this year.
Ukraine’s international reserves as of 1 March 2025, according to preliminary data, amounted to $40.15 billion, which is 6.7%, or $2.86 billion, less than a month ago.
The Cabinet of Ministers has set the average annual rate of the official hryvnia/US dollar exchange rate in the 2025 state budget at 45 UAH/$1.
https://interfax.com.ua/news/economic/1058312.html
Issue No. 1 – March 2025
The purpose of this review is to provide an analysis of the current situation on the Ukrainian currency market and a forecast of the hryvnia exchange rate against key currencies based on the latest data. We analyze current conditions, market dynamics, key influencing factors, and likely scenarios.
Analysis of the current situation
Since the beginning of March, the Ukrainian currency market has undergone significant changes in the dynamics of the dollar and euro. While the dollar was gradually strengthening in February, it began to decline in early March, followed by a gradual recovery after March 10, and the euro, after relative stability, began to grow.
Domestic Ukrainian factors had virtually no impact on this situation, which reflects global processes in the international currency market.
The main international factors that influenced the exchange rate dynamics:
Ø The start and further escalation of tariff wars launched by the administration of the new US president, which pose risks to US economic growth and accelerating inflation. This encouraged global investors to exit the dollar in search of more stable assets.
Ø The dollar is weakening on the global market due to softer statements by the US Federal Reserve. Investors have begun to expect a likely rate cut later this summer, which has weakened support for the dollar.
Ø The European Central Bank (ECB) had previously signaled possible stimulus to support the economy, which led to the euro’s weakness. However, since the beginning of March, EU macroeconomic indicators have improved, pushing the euro to strengthen.
Key internal factors affecting the Ukrainian FX market:
Ø Decreased demand for the dollar after a large-scale import of cash currency in February: according to the NBU, $1.316 billion in cash dollars and the equivalent of $450 million in euros were imported into Ukraine.
Ø The NBU’s interventions help to smooth out exchange rate volatility and maintain a controlled market situation.
Ø Increased budget expenditures in March traditionally create additional demand for foreign currency, which may affect the correction of the hryvnia exchange rate.
Exchange rate dynamics
Ø Since the end of February, the dollar has been accelerating its pronounced downward trend, slipping from the average of UAH 41.42-41.97/$ to UAH 41.1-41.65/$. This downward trend primarily reflects the situation on the global currency market and the lack of domestic drivers for the dollar to hryvnia exchange rate amid decreasing pressure on the national currency and a temporary decline in demand for the dollar. The appreciation observed since March 10 may be only a temporary correction, which generally reflects the temporary volatility of the US currency.
Ø In contrast, the euro hryvnia exchange rate moved in the opposite direction. Since the beginning of March, it has soared from 43.35-44.05 UAH/€ to 44.46-45.15 UAH/€, effectively returning to the level of mid-January this year after a long slump. This behavior of the euro is also entirely due to external factors.
Much more informative for analyzing the state of the Ukrainian foreign exchange market is the dynamics of spreads between buying and selling rates, which are an indicator of market liquidity and allow us to diagnose the level of uncertainty among its key operators.
Ø In March, we saw the average spread for the dollar narrow below February’s levels, from 50-60 kopeks to 40-50 kopeks, and in some cases to 30 kopeks. This indicates a balanced supply and demand for the US currency.
Ø For the euro, the average spread increased from 50-60 kopeks to 70-80 kopeks, as the sharp rise in the euro made the market less predictable, forcing banks and exchange offices to put in higher margins.
Thedeviation of the market rate from the NBU’s official exchange rate remained insignificant, confirming that the regulator’s currency policy is in line with the market balance. However, for the euro, this deviation increased in the second half of March, indicating that the market reacts more quickly to global factors, often outpacing the NBU’s official exchange rate adjustments.
USD exchange rate outlook
Ø In the short term, over the next 2-4 weeks, the dollar is likely to remain in the range of UAH 41.30-42.30 per dollar. The main factor that will influence the situation will be the policy of the National Bank of Ukraine, as well as possible decisions of the US Federal Reserve regarding the discount rate. If the NBU continues to actively intervene in the market through interventions, exchange rate fluctuations will be minimal.
Ø During the spring months, in the medium term (2-4 months), the dollar may move to the range of UAH 41.50-42.50 per dollar. In this period, the demand for foreign currency is expected to increase, in particular due to increased budget spending and import activity by businesses. An additional, though unlikely, risk is possible delays in international financial assistance, which could put temporary pressure on the hryvnia.
Ø In the longer term, i.e., over 6 months, the dollar has the potential for gradual appreciation due to the persistence of key factors of depreciation pressure on the hryvnia. If economic conditions remain unchanged, it may return to the range of UAH 42.50-44.00 per dollar, but we should remember the budget exchange rate target of UAH 45 per dollar, which leaves room for the exchange rate to be used for fiscal purposes to manage budget revenues. At the same time, the US Federal Reserve’s policy may affect global dollar liquidity: if the regulator begins to ease monetary policy, the US currency will remain relatively stable despite the hryvnia’s devaluation.
Euro exchange rate forecast
Ø In the coming weeks, the euro is likely to reach and stabilize in the range of UAH 44.80-45.70 per euro. After a sharp jump, the market may enter a correction phase where there will be no significant fluctuations.
Ø In the medium term, over the next 2-4 months, the dynamics of the euro will largely depend on the policy of the European Central Bank. If the ECB continues its measures to support economic growth, the euro may remain in the range of UAH 44.50-46.00 per euro. At the same time, the euro may weaken somewhat if there are prerequisites for a stronger dollar or if negative economic news from the EU.
Ø In the long run, the euro has the potential for relative stability or moderate growth. If the economic situation in Europe improves, the euro may remain in the range of UAH 45.00-46.50 per euro. However, as in the case of the dollar, macroeconomic factors and risks to the European economy may have a significant impact on the euro’s further dynamics.
Recommendations for businesses and investors
Diversifying your portfolio across currencies and assets is more important than ever: consider your individual needs first. Depending on where and how long before you plan to spend your foreign exchange in euros or dollars, this currency should be the dominant currency in your savings portfolio to avoid conversion losses. Other reserve currencies in your portfolio should act as a stabilizer: when one currency falls, the other rises, compensating for at least part of the exchange rate losses.
Regularly analyze and revise the structure of foreign currency savings: in the current turbulence and poor predictability in international currency markets, you should analyze the appropriateness of the current portfolio structure at least once a month and adjust it if necessary.
Currency speculation: In general, the current situation is quite favorable for cautious speculation, but it will require careful monitoring of key indicators and information signals to respond to changes in market trends in a timely manner. Experienced investors can take advantage of the current opportunities, while inexperienced investors should stick to conservative strategies focused on preserving their savings.
As for the hryvnia, we reiterate our recommendation to hold it only in the amount necessary to finance current expenses, service short-term financial obligations, and for unforeseen expenses in special life situations.
The basic recommendation for all currencies is to keep all savings as liquid as possible, avoiding long-term investments. This will ensure freedom of maneuver in the face of currency turbulence and poor predictability that will accompany us at least in the medium term.
This material was prepared by the company’s analysts and reflects their expert, analytical professional judgment. The information provided in this review is for informational purposes only and should not be construed as a recommendation for action.
The Company and its analysts make no representations and assume no liability for any consequences arising from the use of this information. All information is provided “as is” without any additional warranties of completeness, obligations of timeliness or updates or additions.
Users of this material should make their own risk assessments and informed decisions based on their own assessment and analysis of the situation from various available sources that they consider to be sufficiently qualified. We recommend that you consult an independent financial advisor before making any investment decisions.
REFERENCE
KYT Group is an international multi-service product FinTech company that has been successfully operating in the non-banking financial services market for 16 years. One of the company’s flagship activities is currency exchange. KYT Group is one of the largest operators in this segment of the Ukrainian financial market, is among the largest taxpayers, and is one of the industry leaders in terms of asset growth and equity.
More than 90 branches in 16 major cities of Ukraine are located in convenient locations for customers and have modern equipment for the convenience, security and confidentiality of each transaction.
The company’s activities comply with the regulatory requirements of the NBU. KYT Group adheres to EU standards, having a branch in Poland and planning cross-border expansion to European countries.
Issue #2 – February 2025
The purpose of this review is to provide an analysis of the current situation on the Ukrainian currency market and a forecast of the hryvnia exchange rate against key currencies based on the latest data. We analyze current conditions, market dynamics, key influencing factors, and likely scenarios.
February 2025 brought relative stability to the Ukrainian currency market without any sharp jumps, but some trends continue to form the backdrop for future changes. After the January increase in demand for foreign currency, which was typical for the beginning of the year, the situation has gradually leveled off. The hryvnia maintains a balance between internal factors, including the NBU’s monetary policy and the balance of payments, and external factors, including the US Federal Reserve’s decisions, the ECB’s policy, and general trends in international markets.
Analysis of the current situation
The hryvnia remains stable within a narrow range
In early February, the hryvnia exchange rate against the US dollar and the euro tended to decline, but after February 13, the situation stabilized. The dollar on the cash market was in the range of 41.40-42.00 UAH/$, while the euro fluctuated between 43.00-44.00 UAH/€. The bid-ask spread for the dollar remained in the range of 50-60 kopeks, and for the euro it was 60-70 kopeks, indicating a balance between supply and demand.
The depreciation in the first half of the month was caused by several key factors
Ø Increased supply of cash currency – banks imported significant amounts of dollars, which created a temporary oversupply in the market: according to the NBU, the volume of cash dollars imported into Ukraine amounted to $1.316 billion, and cash euros – the equivalent of $450 million, which allows to meet market demand.
Ø The NBU continued to pursue a policy of restraining exchange rate fluctuations by using interventions. An additional factor was the seasonal decline in demand for foreign currency after the holidays.
However, the second half of February brought some changes. Despite the absence of pressure on the hryvnia from global FX market factors, the dollar continued to strengthen on international markets, thanks to strong US economic data and the Fed’s tightening monetary policy rhetoric. The euro, which had been falling in the first half of the month, returned to growth on February 13 and subsequently stabilized after the ECB announced that it might support the economy. These processes drove some appreciation of the euro against the hryvnia.
Dollar exchange rate forecast
Short-term forecast (2-4 weeks)
The dollar is expected to remain in the range of UAH 41.50-42.20/$. The main factors that will influence the market will be the NBU’s decision on the key policy rate on March 6 and the US Federal Reserve’s policy. The expected increase in the NBU’s discount rate may temporarily strengthen the hryvnia, while its maintenance at the current level will allow the exchange rate to fluctuate within the specified range.
Medium-term forecast (2-4 months)
The hryvnia may gradually weaken in the spring, especially if the foreign trade deficit grows. If the current level of key macroeconomic indicators and reserves is maintained, the NBU will be able to control the hryvnia exchange rate, but the average forecast corridor for the dollar will shift to UAH 42.50-44.00/$. The main risks remain possible delays in international financial assistance and an increase in the budget deficit.
Long-term outlook (6+ months)
By the end of the year, the dollar may reach UAH 44.50-45.50/$, especially if economic growth remains low. At the same time, the easing of the US Federal Reserve’s policy in the second half of the year may create preconditions for some stabilization of the exchange rate. However, even in this scenario, the hryvnia remains within the range of the projected average annual exchange rate.
Euro exchange rate forecast
Short-term forecast (2-4 weeks)
The euro is likely to remain in the range of UAH 43.30-44.20/€ with periodic corrections depending on fluctuations in the euro/dollar pair on the global market. If the dollar continues to strengthen, the euro may approach the lower end of the forecast range.
Medium-term forecast (2-4 months)
If the European economy stagnates and the Fed tightens its policy, the euro may fall to 42.50-43.50 UAH/€. At the same time, if the ECB signals its intention to support economic growth, the euro may remain relatively stable.
Long-term outlook (6+ months)
The euro has the potential for a moderate decline in 2025, especially if the ECB continues to ease policy. In this case, the hryvnia may remain relatively stable against the euro or even strengthen slightly.
Recommendations for businesses and investors
In the short term, businesses can focus on the current stability of the hryvnia and continue to diversify their currency risks.
An increase in the share of dollar assets may be advisable, especially if the Fed does not change its tightening policy.
Private investors should take a balanced approach to foreign exchange transactions. Investments in euros may not bring quick short-term profits due to the weakness of the European economy, but the dollar remains a reliable tool for preserving capital.
In the long term, the main risk to the hryvnia exchange rate is a possible increase in the budget deficit and rising inflationary pressures in Ukraine. Savings should be kept in hard currency or diversified into assets less sensitive to exchange rate fluctuations.
This material was prepared by the company’s analysts and reflects their expert, analytical professional judgment. The information provided in this review is for informational purposes only and should not be construed as a recommendation for action.
The Company and its analysts make no representations and assume no liability for any consequences arising from the use of this information. All information is provided “as is” without any additional warranties of completeness, obligations of timeliness or updates or additions.
Users of this material should make their own risk assessments and informed decisions based on their own evaluation and analysis of the situation from various available sources that they consider to be sufficiently qualified. We recommend that you consult an independent financial advisor before making any investment decisions.
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KYT Group is an international multi-service product FinTech company that has been successfully operating in the non-banking financial services market for 16 years. One of the company’s flagship activities is currency exchange. KYT Group is one of the largest operators in this segment of the Ukrainian financial market, is among the largest taxpayers, and is one of the industry leaders in terms of asset growth and equity.
More than 90 branches in 16 major cities of Ukraine are located in convenient locations for customers and have modern equipment for the convenience, security and confidentiality of each transaction.
The company’s activities comply with the regulatory requirements of the NBU. KYT Group adheres to EU standards, having a branch in Poland and planning cross-border expansion to European countries.
