The international reserves of Ukraine as of October 1, 2022, according to preliminary data, amounted to $23 billion 929.6 million (in equivalent), which is 5.9% less than at the beginning of September ($25.436 billion), according to the data of the National Bank of Ukraine, released on Thursday.
“As of October 1, 2022, Ukraine’s international reserves, according to preliminary data, amounted to $23.929 billion. In September, they decreased by 5.9%, taking into account the sale of foreign currency by the National Bank on the interbank market, including to meet defense needs and payments of Ukrainians abroad. At that At the same time, steady receipts from international partners continue to keep international reserves at a sufficient level, despite a full-scale war,” the regulator explained.
The regulator clarified that net international reserves in September decreased by 4.6%, or $736 million, to $15.181 billion, while in August their growth was 26.6%, or $3 billion 342 million (to $15.917 billion).
According to the National Bank, in September the dynamics of international reserves was affected by operations to manage public debt. In particular, foreign exchange receipts to the accounts of the Ukrainian government with the NBU in September amounted to $2.034 billion, including from the United States – $1.5 billion, from the EU – $482 million, from the placement of government bonds – $51.7 million.
The total volume of board payments for servicing and repaying state debt in foreign currency amounted to $65.1 million, including $63 million directed to repay debt to international creditors, $2.1 million – to service government bonds.
In addition, Ukraine transferred $624.6 million to the IMF.
International reserves were also affected by NBU operations on the interbank market. In particular, they sold $2.777 billion on the foreign exchange market and bought $39.4 million into reserves, due to which the balance of interventions was negative and amounted to $2.728 billion.
In addition, the reserves were affected by the revaluation of financial instruments, in particular, their decrease by $115.5 million.
“The current volume of international reserves provides funding for 3.7 months of future imports, which is enough to meet the obligations of Ukraine and the current operations of the government and the National Bank,” Certrobank said.
As reported, at the beginning of 2022, Ukraine’s international reserves amounted to $30.941 billion, net international reserves (NIR) – $20.767 billion.
Inflation in Ukraine in September accelerated to 24.4% y / y from 23.8% y / y in August, according to the macroeconomic and monetary monthly review of the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU), released on Thursday.
According to him, the main reasons for the acceleration of inflation are the consequences of the war and the occupation of part of the country’s territory, including the disruption of supply chains, the destruction of industries, the reduction in the supply of goods and services, and the increase in business production costs.
The acceleration of inflation was also affected by further pass-through to prices of the July adjustment of the hryvnia against the US dollar, which was necessary to maintain the stability of the Ukrainian economy.
At the same time, price growth is constrained by fixing tariffs for gas and heat, and partial adjustment of supply chains, in particular, oil products.
The regulator pointed out that inflation expectations are further deteriorating, in particular, businesses expect inflation to reach 25% in the next 12 months.
YouTube will be 20 years old in 2025. Today it remains one of the most promising and fastest growing digital platforms and firmly holds the world leadership in the video hosting segment. In recent years, the service has increasingly focused on customer support in video marketing and integration of the platform with other advertising services such as GoogleAds. At the same time, the requirements for channel owners in the field of compliance with the rules for posting content are also expanding, and quickly getting a wide audience of subscribers for novice bloggers or brands is a rather difficult task.
The first step to finding and expanding the audience that will benefit from your knowledge and information is to understand where these abilities and ideas intersect with promising topics.
In promoting certain channels in recommendations and trends, YouTube mainly uses data analysis based on a system of complex and intricate algorithms and providing the viewer with the content that interests him most.
To be successful on YouTube in 2022, you need to understand the essence of these algorithms to some extent and delve deeply into the dynamics of the platform. Ultimately, this will help determine what works for other similar channels and where you can make a difference in your favor. Here are some tips to help you grow your YouTube channel with the latest changes on the platform.
1. Creating a full-fledged channel trailer (welcome video)
Your channel can get a lot of visitors that you don’t even know about, but if you don’t have a proper and informative trailer, they might not understand what your content is about and just won’t subscribe and go somewhere else. A trailer is essentially a summary of your channel, and the constant influx of new subscribers directly depends on how interesting it will be for the viewer.
2. Setting audience targeting and keywords.
For YouTube, keywords are crucial, as most of the platform’s algorithms target them. Choosing the right keywords and using them well in the title and description of a video can make a big difference in how it performs. This is because YouTube, like Google in general, is a huge search engine. Creators who recognize this and take action accordingly have an easier way to grow their YouTube channel.
3. SEO optimization of video for YouTube.
Having dealt with the keywords, you can begin to fine-tune the content for the audience. To do this, you need to use a few simple but effective techniques, such as optimizing the title and saturating it with relevant key phrases, creating a description adapted to the search for the video, using effective tags, etc. At the same time, you should try to strike a balance between clickbait and readability of titles and descriptions, so how your main audience is still not robots, but real people, in whom overloading with key phrases can cause rejection.
4. Creating a quality intro for a video.
To do this, you will need a little creativity and knowledge in graphic design. It is recommended to use color options first of all, except for black, red and white. This will create enough variety to keep people interested and eventually keep watching your video. At the same time, the length of the intro playback should not exceed 5-10 seconds, since too long an introduction can scare off part of the potential audience.
Track your video viewing time and viewer retention.
YouTube is committed to ensuring that users stay on the platform for a longer period of time. The longer a user stays, the more ads they will see. Therefore, YouTube’s search algorithms favor videos with longer watch times.
5. View YouTube Analytics statistics
Analyzing each video and audience reaction to it is a critical element in the promotion of any YouTube channel. As you keep posting videos, it’s time to evaluate their success and look for additional ways to improve the content.
6. Chat and collaborate with other YouTube creators
Partnership with other YouTubers greatly simplifies the development of the channel, as it allows you to learn from experience and avoid many mistakes. Also, a powerful promotion tool is the recommendation of partner channels to subscribe to your content.
7. Subscribe to reminders and encourage viewers.
Some people may often watch your videos, but remain unsubscribed to the channel. Since they often watch your videos, your content automatically appears in their feed every time you upload something new. However, there is a good chance that they forgot to subscribe to your channel. Therefore, it is always a good idea to remind your audience to subscribe to your channel and even ask for likes and comments to attract the audience. One easy way to do this is to ask them an interactive question and request answers in the comments below.
This makes it clear that growing your YouTube platform will require patience and hard work, and it is important that you also understand your viewers, notice what they like and want, and what can be useful for them.
You can get more detailed information about the promotion of a YouTube channel on our website.
Bankers hope for a quick appointment of a new head of the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU) to replace Kirill Shevchenko, who announced his resignation on October 4, and expect the regulator to maintain a consistent course even after the new appointment.
This is evidenced by the bankers’ comments provided to the Interfax-Ukraine agency on Wednesday.
“I don’t think that any radical changes in the strategy of the National Bank should be expected in the conditions of war. The entire system of governing the country in the current situation is more or less subordinated to a single common goal. Under these conditions, one can hardly speak of full-fledged freedom of decision-making by individual In other words, I do not expect any “revolution”,” Ivan Svitek, head of the board of Unex Bank, said.
He believes that it is better not to delay the appointment of a new head, as this is important for the banking system and its stability, as well as for foreign partners and creditors.
“As a banker, shareholder and head of the bank, I, of course, would like to see a person from the system at the head of the NBU. He has fresh experience in a commercial bank, who understands all the complexities and problems of the system. I am sure that in addition to strategic state tasks, the regulator should remain a “friend “the market he regulates,” Switek said.
The banker added that the new head of the NBU, who has fresh practical experience in a commercial bank, is better able to provide banks, especially during the war, not only with instructions and requirements, but also with support.
“It is necessary to appoint a new head of the NBU as soon as possible, especially given the military situation in the country. But this is not a question, we will find out his name in the near future,” said Vladimir Mudry, head of OTP Bank.
According to him, if one of the members of the Shevchenko team becomes the new head, this will mean a certain continuity of the NBU policy and a greater degree of predictability of further decisions and tools to influence the market.
“Otherwise, in my opinion, it should be a macroeconomist, not only with experience in managing a commercial bank, but also with broader expertise, possibly in international organizations, government agencies, capable of bringing a new vector of development to the National Bank’s policy,” he added. banker.
Volodymyr the Wise stressed that in any case, the main thing today is the unity of all authorities, therefore the first task of the new head of the NBU is his soonest entry into the system of managing the country’s economy and financial market.
As reported, People’s Deputy Yaroslav Zheleznyak, First Deputy of the Parliamentary Committee on Finance, Tax and Customs Policy and People’s Deputy Oleksandr Dubilet claim that Andriy Pyshny will become the new head of the National Bank.
Previously, Pyshny was named as a possible candidate for the post of head of the NBU even before the start of the war, when the topic of a possible change in the head of the central bank arose several times. At the same time, the ex-head of Oschadbank was ready to compete for the post of head of Ukreximbank, but due to the war, the corresponding competition was canceled. In May of this year, Pyshny became an adviser to the head of the board of Oschadbank, and is also a member of the Yermak-McFaul sanctions group.
The current head of the National Bank of Ukraine, Kirill Shevchenko, announced his resignation on October 4 for health reasons.
The Rada appointed him to this post for a seven-year term on July 16, 2020, and before that he was the head of the board of the state-owned Ukrgasbank.
Earlier, on July 1, 2020, the head of the NBU, Yakov Smoliy, resigned due to political pressure. He has worked in this position since March 2018, and before that, since May 2017, he was acting. head of the NBU.
The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) will open a dialogue with Ukraine on its accession following a request from Kyiv, OECD Secretary General Matthias Kormann said in a statement on Wednesday.
“After a request received from Prime Minister Denys Shmyhal to start the process of Ukraine’s accession to the OECD, the OECD Council decided to recognize Ukraine as a potential member of the organization,” it says.
Norman noted that after the completion of initial consultations on this issue, the OECD Council will consider opening discussions on accession and preparing a draft roadmap.
The World Trade Organization (WTO) has improved its forecast for world trade growth for 2022 to 3.5% from 3% expected in April, but significantly lowered the forecast for 2023 – to 1% from 3.4%.
“Global trade growth momentum will slow in the second half of 2022 and remain weak in 2023 due to multiple shocks in the global economy,” the organization said in a report released on Wednesday.
Import demand is expected to decline as the world’s major economies slow down for a variety of reasons.
“In Europe, high energy prices caused by the Russian-Ukrainian conflict will lead to a fall in consumer spending and higher costs for producers. In the US, monetary tightening will hit interest-sensitive sectors,” the report says. “China has to deal with outbreaks COVID-19, a decline in production, as well as weakness in external demand.”
Rising spending on fuel, food and fertilizer imports could lead to food shortages and debt problems in developing countries, the WTO warns.
“The global economy is facing a complex crisis,” said WTO Director-General Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala. “The picture for 2023 has become much bleaker.”
The organization also cut its global economic growth forecast for 2023 to 2.3% from 3.3%. In 2022, according to WTO estimates, the global economy will grow by 2.8%.
The report notes that the forecasts are accompanied by a high degree of uncertainty associated with the changing policies of the central banks of developed countries, as well as the unpredictable nature of the Russian-Ukrainian war.
