In 2023, Ukraine reduced exports of dairy products in monetary terms by almost 30% compared to 2022 and increased imports by more than 15%, the Union of Dairy Enterprises of Ukraine (UDEP) reported on Facebook.
“In 2023, the negative balance of exports and imports of dairy products amounted to $77.2 million, while a year earlier this figure was positive – $28.2 million. Thus, the consumption of dairy products last year “washed out” funds from Ukraine,” the industry association said.
The UMPA emphasized that import growth in 2023 occurred in almost all categories of dairy products. The difference between exports and imports (balance – IF-U) ranged from -289 tons in September to -615 tons in March for fermented milk products and from -1398 tons in January to -2902 tons in December for cheese.
Imports of butter exceeded exports for the first time in a year in October 2023, and in November showed the most negative balance for this commodity.
In addition, in 2023, exports of butter decreased by 45%, while exports of other types of dairy products did not change significantly. In general, due to unfavorable price conditions in 2023, export revenues from sales of this product decreased by 1.4 times compared to the level of 2022.
“In 2023, the volume of imports of butter and whey increased significantly (2.4 times). The volume of cheese imports in physical terms remained at the same level, but increased by 10% in value. In general, this led to an increase in imports by more than 1.15 times compared to the previous year, 2022,” the UUL stated.
The exports of soybean meal in December of 2023-2024 marketing year amounted to 88 thsd tonnes, up 26% compared to November, and became the record monthly high for almost four years since February 2020, APK-Inform news agency reported.
“Since the beginning of the current season, more than 90% of the total exports of this product have been on the land border, and the blockade of several checkpoints on the Polish and Slovak borders in December did not prevent the increase in shipments of meal to the main market – Poland,” the analysts said.
Poland became the main buyer of Ukrainian soybean meal in December 2023, importing 46 thsd tonnes (+11% compared to November), which accounted for 53% of the total exports of the product from Ukraine, APK-Inform stated.
The value of Ukrainian exports in 2023 decreased by 18.7% compared to 2022 and amounted to $35.8 billion, which is one of the lowest figures in the last decade, First Deputy Prime Minister and Economy Minister Yulia Sviridenko said on Facebook on Thursday.
“Logistics continues to be the key for Ukrainian exports. With all the problems and challenges, Ukraine exported 99.8 million tons of goods. This is 112 thousand tons more than in 2022,” – summed up the results of the year first Deputy Prime Minister.
According to her, the success of December should be noted: for the first time in the second half of the year exports by value exceeded $3 billion – $3.148 billion, and by weight for the first time since March became more than 10 million tons – 10.399 million tons.
Sviridenko specified that this was achieved due to the growth of exports by sea in December by 30.7% compared to November – up to 7.34 million tons, and in total for 2023 exports by sea increased by 1 million tons compared to the previous year.
According to her, since exports by the new Ukrainian sea corridor is available not only for grain, but for all goods, in December exports of metal and semi-finished products jumped by 40%, flat rolled products – by 45.3%.
At the same time, pointed out the head of the Ministry of Economy, due to the Polish blockade of borders and further reduced exports by road transport: 18.3% less in December compared to November, although the overall year-on-year reduction amounted to only 0.7%.
“The increase in exports by container transportation – 86% by rail and 36% by road – is very pleasing. This is the most efficient mode of transportation for value-added products,” Sviridenko added.
Separately, First Deputy Prime Minister emphasized the increase in exports of furniture in 2023 both in volume and in monetary terms – respectively by 11% and 7%, as well as the growth of sugar exports by 1.7 times.
At the same time, she said, there was a drop in the size of revenue of the most massive export commodity by volume – corn (26.2 million tons): with a physical growth of 5%, revenue fell by 16.8%. “The problem is not only the fall in the world price. The arithmetic average price of Ukrainian corn – $188 – was significantly less than the arithmetic average world price – $227. The $39 difference is a discount due to problems in logistics and the flow of profits to neighboring countries – Poland and Romania, from where most of our grain is resold,” – said Sviridenko.
As for imports, according to the head of the Ministry of Economy, they amounted to $62.2 billion. The top 10 goods imported to Ukraine included fuel – $7.8 billion, “miscellaneous (where not advertised)”” – $3.7 billion, medicines – $1.7 billion, UAVs – $681 million, cars and goods for agriculture (fertilizers and plant protection products).
Sviridenko added that the goods trade deficit is indeed significant at $26.4 billion, but such changes are logical given the logistical challenges and defense needs in 2023.
As for the goals for 2024, the first deputy prime minister expects to return export volumes to the level of 2021, strengthen export logistics with air defense systems, and develop more alternative logistics options so that there is a possibility to maneuver in case of difficulties.
She is confident that if the pace is kept up, the Economy Ministry predicts that exports of goods and services will generally grow in the following years: by 9% in 2024, 19.4% in 2025 and 20.6% in 2026.
“And, of course, I cannot fail to mention our trade agreements, which improve access of Ukrainian goods to foreign markets. In 2023, we signed a digital trade agreement with the UK. We are awaiting ratification of the agreement with Canada. At the finish line is the ratification of agreements with Turkey, for which we have done additional work to improve its provisions. And soon we are waiting for an official announcement on the successful conclusion of negotiations on the UAE,” Sviridenko added.
Exports from Ukraine by sea and river transport in November increased by 70.7% compared to October, to 5.905 million tons, according to the State Customs Service, First Vice Prime Minister and Minister of Economy Yulia Svyrydenko posted on Facebook.
According to the data, imports by this mode of transport also increased last month, but not as significantly – by 8.2%, to 495.2 thousand tons.
Exports by rail in November decreased by 17.9% to 2.535 million tons, while imports increased by 10.6% to 561.3 thousand tons.
Due to the blockade of Polish carriers, exports by road fell by 26.7% to 783 thousand tons last month, while imports fell by 23.5% to 967.1 thousand tons.
In total, exports from Ukraine in November increased by 21.2% to 9.232 million tons, while imports decreased by 6.4% to 2.169 million tons.
However, in monetary terms, export growth last month was not as significant, up 9.6% to $2.896 billion, as the specific value of automotive exports is significantly higher than that of maritime exports.
For the same reason, in monetary terms, imports fell by 10.7% to $4.676 billion in November, which somewhat improved the situation with Ukraine’s negative trade balance, which had been expanding strongly earlier this year.
In January-October this year, Ukrainian companies increased imports of copper and copper products in value terms by 91.1% compared to the same period last year, to $104.029 million.
According to customs statistics released by the State Customs Service of Ukraine on Wednesday, exports of copper and copper products decreased by 20.6% to $61.107 million over the period.
In October, Ukraine imported copper worth $13.932 million and exported it for $6.090 million.
In addition, in 10 months of 2023, Ukraine reduced imports of nickel and products by 77.7% compared to the same period in 2022 to $12.438 million ($806 thousand in October), while imports of aluminum and aluminum products increased by 10.1% to $307.569 million ($32.582 million).
At the same time, it reduced imports of lead and lead products by 66.3% to $892 thousand ($19 thousand), imports of tin and tin products by 21.1% to $2.284 million ($232 thousand), but increased imports of zinc and zinc products by 23.1% to $37.525 million ($3.538 million).
Exports of aluminum and aluminum products in January-October this year decreased by 2.3% compared to the same period last year to $81.616 million (in October – $9.996 million), lead and lead products increased by 27.9% to $12.498 million ($1.308 million), nickel and nickel products amounted to $257 thousand ($1 thousand), while in 10 months of 2022 it was $1.086 million.
Zinc was exported abroad for $99 thousand over 10 months (in October – $10 thousand) against $1.321 million in January-October 2022. Exports of tin and tin products amounted to $57 thousand (no deliveries were made in October) against $421 thousand in 10 months of 2012.
As reported, in 2022, Ukrainian enterprises reduced imports of copper and copper products in value terms by 64.3% compared to the previous year – to $65.370 million, while their exports decreased by 56.3% to $90.245 million.
In addition, in 2022, Ukraine reduced imports of nickel and nickel products by 49.9% compared to 2021, to $59.754 million, and aluminum and aluminum products by 33.4%, to $340.398 million. At the same time, it reduced imports of lead and lead products by 66.6%, to $2.839 million.
Imports of tin and tin products fell by 33.5% to $3.312 million, and imports of zinc and zinc products decreased by 58.7% to $38.690 million.
In 2022, exports of aluminum and aluminum products decreased by 42.7% compared to 2021, to $96.972 million, lead and lead products – by 68.7%, to $11.970 million, and nickel and nickel products – by 73.9%, to $1.268 million.
Zinc exports in 2022 amounted to $1.331 million, while in 2021 they amounted to $550 thousand. Exports of tin and products in 2022 amounted to $424 thousand, compared to $346 thousand in the previous year.
In October 2023, Ukraine managed to export 4.8 million tons of agricultural products, up 15% from the same period of the previous month, the Ukrainian Agribusiness Club reported on Facebook.
According to the report, the increase in exports in October 2023 was achieved despite problems with routes through the Danube river ports – traditional seasonal shallow water, which prevents the entry of larger vessels, and a decrease in the load on barges.
“Part of the increase in exports was due to the addition of another export channel – the seaports of Odesa region, which are currently operating as part of a temporary sea corridor. However, the volume of exports through this channel is very far from pre-war levels,” the analysts stated.
According to their information, in October 2023, Ukraine exported 2.5 mln tonnes of grains, 52% of which were wheat and 45% were corn, which showed a 20% increase compared to the previous month. Oilseeds were exported to 914.0 thsd tonnes (rapeseed – 48%, soybeans – 48% and sunflower seeds – 3%), up 4%.
In addition, exports of vegetable oils increased by 6% to 508.7 thousand tons (sunflower oil – 80%, rapeseed oil – 14%, and soybean oil – 6%), and by 18% of cake – 491.5 thousand tons (sunflower oil – 86%, soybean oil – 14%).
Exports of corn and soybeans, which are currently being actively harvested, increased compared to the previous month.
“Although there has been an increase in exports, they remain insufficient to export the harvest that Ukraine has harvested this year. For the relatively normal functioning of the agricultural market, Ukraine needs to export about 6 million tons of food per month, preferably by sea, where logistics are less expensive,” the UCAB summarized.
