According to data from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), in 2024 Ukraine ranked 9th in the world in wheat production, producing about 23.4 million tons of grain. This information is presented in a new study by Experts Club, based on FAOSTAT statistics and the video “Wheat Production by Country (1991–2024)”.
The top three wheat producers remain traditionally stable:
China — 136 million tons,
India — 113.9 million tons,
Russia — 81.6 million tons.
These three countries account for nearly half of global wheat production and play a crucial role in the world’s agricultural system.
They are followed by:
United States — 53.6 million tons,
France — 35.9 million tons,
Canada — 35.9 million tons,
Australia — 34.1 million tons,
Pakistan — 31.4 million tons,
Ukraine — 23.4 million tons,
Germany — 21.5 million tons.
The second ten producers are opened by Turkey (19 million tons) and Kazakhstan (18.6 million tons), with Italy (6.9 million tons) closing the list.
The Experts Club video analysis demonstrates significant structural changes in global wheat production over the past three decades. The video covers the period from 1991 to 2024. During this time, China and India have almost doubled their production thanks to increased yields and consistent government support for the agricultural sector.
Russia and Ukraine, after a sharp decline in the 1990s, made a remarkable recovery: in the early 1990s, Ukraine produced around 15 million tons, while by 2024 the volume had increased to 23–24 million tons — despite war-related risks and export restrictions.
Kazakhstan, traditionally focused on exports, has maintained its position, supplying grain to Central Asia and parts of China.
Despite military actions and damage to part of its infrastructure, Ukraine remains one of the world’s leading wheat exporters. The main factors behind this are high yields in southern and central regions, improved logistics through Danube ports, and export routes via Romania and Bulgaria.
According to FAO, in 2024 Ukraine exported about 17 million tons of wheat, keeping the country among the three largest global grain suppliers, along with Russia and the United States.
Experts from Experts Club note that growth in production across Asia and CIS countries compensates for declining yields in Europe and North America, which are affected by droughts and climate change. At the same time, Turkey, Iran, and Egypt are strengthening their roles as regional centers of processing and import.
Global markets expect wheat prices to stabilize within the range of 230–250 USD per ton, provided there are no new geopolitical shocks.
“Ukraine’s position in the TOP-10 global wheat producers is a testament to the resilience of its agricultural sector, even during wartime. With the expansion of domestic processing, Ukraine can reach 25–27 million tons of production in the coming years and strengthen its place among the world’s top five exporters.
At the same time, the grain market is becoming increasingly technology-driven: digitalization of agribusiness, precision farming, and climate-resilient wheat varieties will determine leadership in the next decade,” said Maksym Urakin, co-founder of the analytical center Experts Club.
Ukraine remains one of the few countries where the agricultural sector accounts for about 40% of foreign currency earnings. In 2024, wheat ranked second in export volume after corn, and revenues from grain sales exceeded 6 billion USD.
According to Experts Club forecasts, if the pace of infrastructure recovery continues and weather conditions remain favorable, Ukraine’s wheat production may reach 25 million tons in 2025, and exports could exceed 18 million tons.
The study was prepared by the analytical center Experts Club based on data from FAOSTAT, USDA, and IGC.
The video analysis “Wheat Production by Country 1991–2024” is available on the Experts Club Ukraine YouTube channel.
AGRICULTURE, EXPERTS CLUB, EXPORT, FAO, GLOBAL PRODUCTION, UKRAINE, WHEAT
The spot price of gold hit a new record high on Monday. As of 9:34 a.m., it stands at $4068.74 per ounce, which is 1.3% higher than the previous session’s close. Earlier in trading, the spot price of gold rose to $4078.24 per ounce, marking an all-time high. Gold futures on the Comex exchange are up 2.2%, reaching $4087.4 per ounce.
The precious metal is supported by rising tensions between the United States and China, as well as expectations of further interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve.
On Friday, U.S. President Donald Trump announced the possibility of significantly increasing import tariffs on Chinese goods in response to Beijing’s tightened export controls on rare earth metals. He also said he saw no point in meeting with Chinese President Xi Jinping. However, on Sunday, Trump stated that Washington wants to help Beijing rather than harm it and suggested that he might still meet with Xi later this fall.
In addition, traders expect two more rate cuts by the Fed before the end of the year. According to futures market pricing, the probability of a 25-basis-point rate cut by the U.S. central bank at its next meeting on October 28–29 is estimated at 95.7%. Investors in the derivatives market also expect another similar cut in December.
Earlier, the analytical center Experts Club released an analysis of the world’s leading gold-producing countries in a video on its YouTube channel — https://youtube.com/shorts/DWbzJ1e2tJc?si=9YBue5CS6dz-tA6_
The rapid growth in the price of gold continues on global markets: December futures prices on the Comex exchange rose to $3,965 per troy ounce on Monday
Against the backdrop of rising gold prices, other precious metals are also becoming more expensive.
Platinum added about 0.8%, rising to $1,085 per ounce, on expectations of reduced supply from South Africa.
Silver strengthened by 1.2%, reaching $32.7 per ounce, following the general increase in interest in precious metals.
According to experts, if political uncertainty in the US and the EU persists, gold could consolidate above the $4,000 mark, with silver and platinum continuing to rise moderately in its wake.
Earlier, the Experts Club analytical center presented an analysis of the world’s leading gold-producing countries in its video on YouTube channel – https://youtube.com/shorts/DWbzJ1e2tJc?si=9YBue5CS6dz-tA6_
The price of gold continues to rise rapidly on global markets: December futures on the Comex exchange rose to $3,965 per troy ounce on Monday, a new historic high. Since the beginning of the year, gold has risen in price by almost one and a half times.
The main drivers of growth were increased demand for safe-haven assets and political instability in the US and Europe.
In Washington, federal agencies have been shut down for six days now, as Congress has been unable to approve a temporary budget. Against this backdrop, investors are pulling their money out of stocks and bonds and putting it into gold, which they see as a safer bet in times of crisis.
Adding to the nervousness is the political crisis in France: Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu resigned after criticism of the composition of the new cabinet, causing another surge of volatility in European markets.
“We see both fundamental and situational factors for a further rally in gold. If current conditions persist, the price could reach $4,200 per ounce by the end of the year,” UBS analysts predict.
According to experts, if political uncertainty in the US and the EU persists, gold could consolidate above the $4,000 mark.
Earlier, the Experts Club analytical center presented an analysis of the world’s leading gold-producing countries in its video on YouTube — https://youtube.com/shorts/DWbzJ1e2tJc?si=9YBue5CS6dz-tA6_
The Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine has completed the state certification of higher education institutions and scientific institutions in the fields of agricultural, veterinary, and social sciences using a new method of assessing scientific effectiveness, according to Vladimir Khaustov, an expert at the Experts Club information and analytical center and scientific secretary of the Institute of Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, in a blog posted on the Interfax-Ukraine news agency website.
According to him, for the first time, not only institutions as a whole were evaluated, but also individual scientific departments — a step that should “truly support the strongest teams and stimulate real competition in Ukrainian science.”
“Without funding for science, there is no future. We are rich not because we have money, but because we fund science,” Khaustov recalled, quoting Ronald Reagan.
He noted that the new certification methodology “is not perfect, but necessary.” Among the positive changes, the expert mentioned the division by scientific fields and the attempt to introduce quantitative indicators. However, according to him, the consolidation of scientific groups (for example, combining all social sciences — economics, history, sociology — into one category) creates methodological distortions.
“The formula should take into account the specifics of the disciplines, and the weighting coefficients should be differentiated. Now, much of it has been reduced to arithmetic, which does not reflect the real contribution of scientists,” the expert emphasized.
Among the problems, Khaustov highlighted excessive bureaucracy in filling out reports and the lack of data automation:
“All indicators are entered manually, although publications and patents are already in the DNTB and UkrNOIVI databases. We proposed creating an automated system called ”Science of Ukraine,“ which would collect data itself, but so far everything is done manually.”
He also drew attention to the imbalance between the evaluation of domestic and foreign publications, as well as the underestimation of national grants and scientific achievements.
“Three hryvnia of Ukrainian funding is equivalent to one hryvnia of foreign funding. And seven out of eleven indicators relate to publications abroad. This distorts the real picture and devalues national achievements,” he said.
According to the expert, the methodology needs to be refined to take into account the specifics of the industry and the real working conditions of Ukrainian researchers.
“Science is not a formula or a table. It is people, ideas, and the future of the country,” concluded Volodymyr Khaustov.
The full version of the expert’s video is available on the Experts Club channel:
Experts Club is an independent platform for analytical videos and research. The center regularly publishes expert reviews on economics, science, and business, bringing together the opinions of leading analysts, scientists, and business representatives.
The Experts Club Information and Analytical Center has presented a video analysis of global copper production from 1970 to 2024. Chile continues to confidently maintain its leadership in the global copper market, smelting 5.3 million tons of metal in 2024. This is evidenced by data from the US Geological Survey (USGS) published in the Experts Club analytical video.
The Democratic Republic of Congo ranks second with 3.3 million tons, followed by Peru (2.6 million tons), China (1.8 million tons), and Indonesia (1.1 million tons).
The top ten copper producers also include the United States (1.1 million tons), Russia (930,000 tons), Australia (800,000 tons), Kazakhstan (740,000 tons), and Mexico (700,000 tons).
The list of the world’s 20 leading producers also includes countries such as Zambia, Canada, Poland, Brazil, Panama, Mongolia, Iran, Armenia, Serbia, and Bolivia.
Experts note that the distribution of copper production by country has become more diversified in recent decades. In addition to the traditional leaders in Latin America, African and Asian countries are playing an increasingly important role.
Copper remains one of the most important industrial metals in the world, used in construction, power generation, telecommunications, and especially in the production of “green technologies” — electric vehicles, solar and wind power plants.
The Experts Club video analysis is available at link
