From March 1, 2026, a new system will come into force in Georgia: foreign workers and self-employed persons will need an official work permit.
Previously, the country did not have a full-fledged work permit regime and in most cases allowed foreigners to work without a separate permit, according to industry sources.
According to the business press, there will be a transition period for foreigners already employed in Georgia: they must obtain a permit before January 1, 2027; fines will be imposed on both the employee and the employer for violations (with increased penalties for repeat offenses).
The aim of the reform is to bring order to the labor market, put an end to work on tourist visas, and bring regulation closer to international practice. Additionally, it is reported that the details of the procedure (categories, exceptions, lists of documents) will be specified in subordinate government acts.
In 2024, 135,800 immigrants entered Georgia (–34% y/y), while 121,400 emigrants left the country; 48.2% of immigrants are Georgian citizens, the rest are foreigners. Among foreign citizens, the top countries were Russia, Ukraine, Turkey, India, and Azerbaijan.
Officially, in 2022, 62,300 Russians were registered as immigrants (i.e., they remained to live in the country). In 2023, there were 52,600 Russian citizens among immigrants.
According to media reports and think tanks, in 2025, there will be about 100,000 Russians living in the country (estimates vary widely, taking into account the outflow in 2023). At the same time, only about 20% of them have “tax resident”/official resident status, according to the National Bank of Georgia.
According to the UN, since the start of the full-scale war, approximately 245,000 Ukrainians have passed through Georgia; about 26,600 currently reside in the country (estimate for spring 2025).
Among the largest sources of migration in 2023 are Turkey (≈8,600 immigrants), India (≈8,400), and Belarus (≈3,600); Ukraine provided ≈7,500 immigrants in 2023. These figures show the annual inflow, not the “stock” of permanent residents.
The labor market reform complements earlier changes in migration regulation (e.g., an increase in the minimum property value for a “residence permit by purchase” from $100,000 to $150,000 as of March 1, 2026).
Experts expect that the unification of employment rules will increase the transparency of hiring foreigners and reduce informal employment, but will increase the administrative burden on businesses during the adaptation period.
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The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and the country’s security services announced a targeted strike against the leadership of the Hamas movement in the Qatari capital, Doha. The statement notes that the figures who were eliminated had coordinated the organization’s activities for many years and were responsible for the attack on October 7, 2023. The Qatari Foreign Ministry confirmed the strike and called it a “cowardly attack,” stressing that the attack took place in residential areas and poses a threat to the safety of the country’s citizens.
The incident could be a turning point in regional dynamics:
Israel-Qatar relations. Doha has traditionally acted as a mediator between Israel and Hamas and has played a key role in humanitarian negotiations. A direct strike on Qatari territory could freeze these channels and lead to increased tensions.
The position of the US. Qatar is a strategic ally of Washington, and one of the largest American military bases in the Middle East (Al Udeid) is located on its territory. The US reaction will be decisive: the balance between supporting Israel and maintaining relations with Doha will require a delicate diplomatic line from the White House.
Regional escalation. The Qatari Foreign Ministry has already condemned the strike. Analysts do not rule out the consolidation of a number of Arab countries against Israel in the diplomatic arena, which could complicate US plans to create new security alliances in the region.
Economic aspect: the oil market
Qatar is the world’s largest exporter of liquefied natural gas (LNG) and a major player in the oil market. Any deterioration in security in the country or the risk of Qatar being drawn into direct conflict is immediately perceived by the market as a signal of potential supply disruptions.
Price reaction. Traditionally, escalation in the Middle East leads to higher oil prices due to the risk premium. Even in the absence of physical disruptions, traders factor the likelihood of the conflict spreading into the price.
Long-term prospects. If Qatar’s diplomatic isolation intensifies, it could change LNG supply routes to Europe and Asia, strengthening the position of other suppliers (such as the US or Australia).
Israel’s strike against Hamas leaders in Qatar opens a new level of confrontation that could have far-reaching consequences. In addition to the military and political components, the incident could affect global energy, increasing volatility in oil and gas markets. In the short term, oil prices can be expected to rise due to the “risk premium,” and in the medium term, diplomatic and trade alliances in the region could be restructured.
Ukrainian sunflower meal lost ground to Argentine sunflower meal on the European market for the first time in a long time, while rapeseed meal supplies reached a record low for five seasons, according to the information and analytical agency APK-Inform.
The agency cited data from the European Commission, according to which in July-August (2025-2026 MY for the EU) the European Union imported 118,000 tons of Argentine sunflower meal, accounting for 49% of total imports of this product, while the share of Ukrainian meal was 40%, or 96,000 tons.
According to Ukrainian statistics, in July, exports of Ukrainian sunflower meal to the EU halved, amounting to just over 50 thousand tons, and in August, according to preliminary estimates by APK-Inform, the smallest volume of this product since October 2021 was exported to the EU—only about 20-25 thousand tons.
Analysts recalled that in the 2024/25 season, Ukrainian sunflower meal accounted for 62% of total imports of this product, while Argentine sunflower meal accounted for 29%.
“The reduction in supplies in July-August this year is due to a decrease in sunflower processing by Ukrainian factories in the summer and, accordingly, a lower supply of meal. At the same time, the seasonally high supply of rapeseed meal on the European market became an additional limiting factor,” the experts explained.
Currently, analysts emphasized, Ukrainian rapeseed meal supplies to the EU are at their lowest level in more than five seasons (excluding 22/23 MY), which is due to the shift in rapeseed harvesting dates in Ukraine, low sales of oilseeds by farmers, and very low processing in July.
According to the European Commission, in the first two months of the 2025/26 season, the EU purchased only 1.6 thousand tons of rapeseed meal from Ukraine, or 1.3% of total imports. Currently, Canadian rapeseed meal dominates EU imports with a share of 84%. Last season, during the same period, the EU imported mainly Ukrainian products, which accounted for 82% of imports, according to APK-Inform.
In January-August 2025, Ukrainian metallurgical enterprises increased pig iron production by 8% compared to the same period last year, to 5.109 million tons.
According to Ukrmetallurgprom, pig iron output in August amounted to 747,500 tons, compared to 621,100 tons in July.
For comparison, in 2024, Ukraine produced 7.090 million tons of pig iron (+18.1%), in 2023 – 6.003 million tons (-6.1%), in 2022 – 6.391 million tons (-69.8% compared to pre-war 2021).
Ukrainian metallurgical companies reduced their total rolled steel production by 1.4% in January-August 2025 compared to the same period last year, from 4.318 million tons to 4.256 million tons.
According to the Ukrmetallurgprom association, 633,200 tons of rolled steel were produced in August, compared to 552,000 tons in July.
As reported, Ukraine increased rolled steel production by 15.8% in 2024, to 6.222 million tons. In 2023, this figure increased by 0.4% to 5.372 million tons, and in 2022, it decreased by 72% compared to 2021.
From September 4 to 6, Riga hosted the leading food industry exhibition Riga FOOD 2025, where the capital was represented by the MADE IN KYIV collective stand. Over three days, 10 food and packaging manufacturers from the capital presented their products on an area of 36 m².
The grand opening of the stand was attended by Anatoliy Kutsevol, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Ukraine to Latvia, Maris Sprindžuks, Vice Mayor of Riga, Hanna Starostenko, Deputy Head of the Kyiv City State Administration, and Anatoliy Bahan, Deputy Director of the Department of Industry and Entrepreneurship Development of the Kyiv City State Administration.
The three days of the collective stand’s operation were intense and productive: the stand was visited by a large number of guests, product presentations were held, and lively negotiations and discussions on new prospects for cooperation took place.
Also, on September 5, the exhibition hosted a Business Forum on Ukrainian-Latvian Cooperation, organized by the Ukrainian Chamber of Commerce and Industry and Trade House Ukraina.
The atmosphere of the event confirmed the high level of interest in Ukrainian business and facilitated effective dialogue for the development of partnerships.
“The results of Kyiv’s participation in Riga FOOD 2025 confirm that the capital’s businesses have great export potential and are able to compete in international markets. We see a high level of interest in the products of Kyiv companies and are confident that the contacts established here will grow into lasting partnerships,” said Anatoliy Bagan, Deputy Director of the Department of Industry and Entrepreneurship Development of the Kyiv City State Administration.
The organizers of the Made in Kyiv collective stand are the Department of Industry and Entrepreneurship Development of the Kyiv City State Administration.
Interfax-Ukraine is an information partner.
